International Mass Loading Service: explanation

International Mass Loading Service: models

"ATM: GEOS-FPIT — semi-frozen global atmospheric model (Molod et al, 2012) developed by the Global Modeling and Assimilation Office ( GMAO) at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. The model runs from 2000.01.01 through present and is updated 3–4 times a day. Model resolution: 0.625° × 0.5° × 3^h × 72 layers. Used datasets: layer pressure thickness, air temperature, and specific humidity.

ATM: MERRA2 — reanalysis global atmospheric model (Gelaro et al, 2017) developed by the Global Modeling and Assimilation Office ( GMAO) at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. Updated once a month. Model resolution: 0.625° × 0.5° × 6^h × 72 layers. Used datasets: layer pressure thickness, air temperature, and specific humidity.

LWS: GEOS-FPIT — semi-frozen water storage model (Reichle et al. 2017) developed by the Global Modeling and Assimilation Office ( GMAO) at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. The model runs from 2000.01.01 through present and is updated 3–4 times a day. Model resolution: 0.625° × 0.5° × 1^h ×. Used dataset: twland – total water contents in soil at depths [-2, 0]m and water equivalent of snow mass. Time resolution 3 hours is used for loading computation: the data with step 1 and 2 hours are skipped.

LWS: MERRA2 — reanalysis global land water storage model (Reichle et al. 2017) developed by the Global Modeling and Assimilation Office ( GMAO) at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. Updated once a month. Model resolution: 0.625° × 0.5° × 1^h. Used dataset: twland – total water contents in soil at depths [-2, 0]m and water equivalent of snow mass. Time resolution 3 hours is used for loading computation: the data with step 1 and 2 hours are skipped.

NTO: OMCT05 — global dynamic ocean model (Dobslaw, H., Thomas, 2007). The bottom pressure from the OMCT05 model is extracted from the dataset AOD1R, since it is not publicly available directly. AOD1B is the sperical harmonics transform of the bottom pressure trunacted at degree/order 100. The ocean bottom pressure at degree/order 2699 is restored by an iterative procedure that involves the inverse spherical harmonics transform, multiplication with the fine land-sea mask, and smoothing over the ocean.

TOC: GOT-4.10c — ocean tidal model GOT4.10c developed by Richard Ray, 2013 at NASA Goddard Space Flight Cetner. It defines heights of 10 tidal constituents at the uniform grid with resolution 0.25° × 0.25°.

TOC: FES-2014B — Ocean tidal model FES2014B (Carrere et al, 2016). It defines height of 34 tidal constituents at the uniform grid with resolution 0.0625° × 0.0625°.

Carrere L., F. Lyard, M. Cancet, A. Guillot, N. Picot, Finite Element Solution FES2014, a new tidal model — Validation results and perspectives for improvements, presentation to ESA Living Planet Conference, Prague 2016.

Dobslaw, H., Thomas, M., Simulation and observation of global ocean mass anomalies, J. Geophys. Res., 112, C05040, doi: 10.1029/2006JC004035. 2007.

Ronald Gelaro, Will McCarty, Max J. Suarez, Ricardo Todling, Andrea Molod, Lawrence Takacs, Cynthia Randles, Anton Darmenov, Michael G. Bosilovich, Rolf Reichle, Krzysztof Wargan, Lawrence Coy, Richard Cullather, Clara Draper, Santha Akella, Virginie Buchard, Austin Conaty, Arlindo da Silva, Wei Gu, Gi-Kong Kim, Randal Koster, Robert Lucchesi, Dagmar Merkova, Jon Eric Nielsen, Gary Partyka, Steven Pawson, William Putman, Michele Rienecker, Siegfried D. Schubert, Meta Sienkiewicz, and Bin Zhao, The Modern-Era Retrospective Analysis for Research and Applications, Version 2 (MERRA-2), accepted by Journal of Climate, doi: 10.1175/JCLI-D-16-0758.1, 2017.

Molod, A, Takacs, L., Suarez, M., Bacmeister, J., Song, I.-S., Eichmann, A., The GEOS-5 Atmospheric General Circulation Model: Mean Climate and Development from MERRA to Fortuna, NASA/TM--2012, 104606, vol.~28, 2012. http://gmao.gsfc.nasa.gov/pubs/docs/tm28.pdf

R. Ray, Precise comparisons of bottom-pressure and altimetric ocean tides, JGR, Oceans, VOL. 118, 4570–4584, doi:10.1002/jgrc.20336, 2013

Reichle, R. H., C. S. Draper, Q. Liu, M. Girotto, S. P. Mahanama, R. D. Koster, and G. De Lannoy, Assessment of MERRA-2 land surface hydrology estimates. J. Clim, 30, 8, 2937-2960. doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-16-0720.1, 2017.

Back to the International Mass Loading Service